Use of Machine Learning on Contact Lens Sensor-Derived Parameters for the Diagnosis of Primary Open-angle Glaucoma

Keith R Martin, Kaweh Mansouri, Robert N Weinreb, Robert Wasilewicz, Christophe Gisler, Jean Hennebert, Dominique Genoud

Abstract

PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis that contact lens sensor (CLS)-based 24-hour profiles of ocular volume changes contain information complementary to intraocular pressure (IOP) to discriminate between primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and healthy (H) eyes.

DESIGN: Development and evaluation of a diagnostic test with machine learning.

METHODS: Subjects: From 435 subjects (193 healthy and 242 POAG), 136 POAG and 136 age-matched healthy subjects were selected. Subjects with contraindications for CLS wear were excluded.

PROCEDURE: This is a pooled analysis of data from 24 prospective clinical studies and a registry. All subjects underwent 24-hour CLS recording on 1 eye. Statistical and physiological CLS parameters were derived from the signal recorded. CLS parameters frequently associated with the presence of POAG were identified using a random forest modeling approach.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC AUC) for feature sets including CLS parameters and Start IOP, as well as a feature set with CLS parameters and Start IOP combined.

RESULTS: The CLS parameters feature set discriminated POAG from H eyes with mean ROC AUCs of 0.611, confidence interval (CI) 0.493-0.722. Larger values of a given CLS parameter were in general associated with a diagnosis of POAG. The Start IOP feature set discriminated between POAG and H eyes with a mean ROC AUC of 0.681, CI 0.603-0.765. The combined feature set was the best indicator of POAG with an ROC AUC of 0.759, CI 0.654-0.855. This ROC AUC was statistically higher than for CLS parameters or Start IOP feature sets alone (both P < .0001).

CONCLUSIONS: CLS recordings contain information complementary to IOP that enable discrimination between H and POAG. The feature set combining CLS parameters and Start IOP provide a better indication of the presence of POAG than each of the feature sets separately. As such, the CLS may be a new biomarker for POAG.

Original languageEnglish
JournalAmerican Journal of Ophthalmology
Volume194
Pages (from-to)46-53
Number of pages8
ISSN0002-9394
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2018
Externally publishedYes

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