Usability of Direct Manipulation Interaction Methods for Augmented Reality Environments Using Smartphones and Smartglasses

Alexander Ohlei; Daniel Wessel; Michael Herczeg

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-25999-0_8

Usability of Direct Manipulation Interaction Methods for Augmented Reality Environments Using Smartphones and Smartglasses

Alexander Ohlei^*, Daniel Wessel, Michael Herczeg

^*Corresponding author for this work

Institute of Multimedia and Interactive Systems

Abstract

This contribution presents a study examining five different interaction methods for manipulating objects in augmented reality (AR). Three of them were implemented on a smartglass (virtual buttons, swipe pad of a smartglass, remote control via the touchscreen of a smartwatch) and two of them on a smartphone (virtual buttons, touch interaction). 32 participants were asked to scale and rotate a virtual 3D object. We studied the usability of the interaction methods by measuring effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction of the users. The results of the study showed that smartphone interaction is superior to any of the studied smartglass interaction methods. Of the interaction methods implemented for the smartglass, the interaction via smartwatch shows the highest usability. Our findings suggest that smartwatches offer higher grades of usability when interacting with virtual objects rather than using the swipe pad of the smartglass or virtual buttons.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	AVR 2019: Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality, and Computer Graphics
Editors	Lucio Tommaso De Paolis, Patrick Bourdot
Number of pages	15
Volume	11614 LNCS
Publisher	Springer, Cham
Publication date	28.07.2019
Pages	84-98
ISBN (Print)	978-3-030-25998-3
ISBN (Electronic)	978-3-030-25999-0
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25999-0_8
Publication status	Published - 28.07.2019
Event	6th International Conference on Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality and Computer Graphics - Santa Maria al Bagno, Italy Duration: 24.06.2019 → 27.06.2019 Conference number: 229479

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Ohlei, A., Wessel, D., & Herczeg, M. (2019). Usability of Direct Manipulation Interaction Methods for Augmented Reality Environments Using Smartphones and Smartglasses. In L. Tommaso De Paolis, & P. Bourdot (Eds.), AVR 2019: Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality, and Computer Graphics (Vol. 11614 LNCS, pp. 84-98). (Lecture Notes in Computer Science; Vol. 11614 LNCS). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25999-0_8

Ohlei, Alexander ; Wessel, Daniel ; Herczeg, Michael. / Usability of Direct Manipulation Interaction Methods for Augmented Reality Environments Using Smartphones and Smartglasses. AVR 2019: Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality, and Computer Graphics. editor / Lucio Tommaso De Paolis ; Patrick Bourdot. Vol. 11614 LNCS Springer, Cham, 2019. pp. 84-98 (Lecture Notes in Computer Science).

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abstract = "This contribution presents a study examining five different interaction methods for manipulating objects in augmented reality (AR). Three of them were implemented on a smartglass (virtual buttons, swipe pad of a smartglass, remote control via the touchscreen of a smartwatch) and two of them on a smartphone (virtual buttons, touch interaction). 32 participants were asked to scale and rotate a virtual 3D object. We studied the usability of the interaction methods by measuring effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction of the users. The results of the study showed that smartphone interaction is superior to any of the studied smartglass interaction methods. Of the interaction methods implemented for the smartglass, the interaction via smartwatch shows the highest usability. Our findings suggest that smartwatches offer higher grades of usability when interacting with virtual objects rather than using the swipe pad of the smartglass or virtual buttons.",

author = "Alexander Ohlei and Daniel Wessel and Michael Herczeg",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Copyright: Copyright 2019 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.; 6th International Conference on Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality and Computer Graphics<br/>, SALENTO AVR 2019 ; Conference date: 24-06-2019 Through 27-06-2019",

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Ohlei, A, Wessel, D & Herczeg, M 2019, Usability of Direct Manipulation Interaction Methods for Augmented Reality Environments Using Smartphones and Smartglasses. in L Tommaso De Paolis & P Bourdot (eds), AVR 2019: Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality, and Computer Graphics. vol. 11614 LNCS, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 11614 LNCS, Springer, Cham, pp. 84-98, 6th International Conference on Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality and Computer Graphics
, Santa Maria al Bagno, Italy, 24.06.19. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25999-0_8

Usability of Direct Manipulation Interaction Methods for Augmented Reality Environments Using Smartphones and Smartglasses. / Ohlei, Alexander; Wessel, Daniel ; Herczeg, Michael.
AVR 2019: Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality, and Computer Graphics. ed. / Lucio Tommaso De Paolis; Patrick Bourdot. Vol. 11614 LNCS Springer, Cham, 2019. p. 84-98 (Lecture Notes in Computer Science; Vol. 11614 LNCS).

Research output: Chapters in Books/Reports/Conference Proceedings › Conference contribution › peer-review

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AU - Ohlei, Alexander

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AU - Herczeg, Michael

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PY - 2019/7/28

Y1 - 2019/7/28

N2 - This contribution presents a study examining five different interaction methods for manipulating objects in augmented reality (AR). Three of them were implemented on a smartglass (virtual buttons, swipe pad of a smartglass, remote control via the touchscreen of a smartwatch) and two of them on a smartphone (virtual buttons, touch interaction). 32 participants were asked to scale and rotate a virtual 3D object. We studied the usability of the interaction methods by measuring effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction of the users. The results of the study showed that smartphone interaction is superior to any of the studied smartglass interaction methods. Of the interaction methods implemented for the smartglass, the interaction via smartwatch shows the highest usability. Our findings suggest that smartwatches offer higher grades of usability when interacting with virtual objects rather than using the swipe pad of the smartglass or virtual buttons.

AB - This contribution presents a study examining five different interaction methods for manipulating objects in augmented reality (AR). Three of them were implemented on a smartglass (virtual buttons, swipe pad of a smartglass, remote control via the touchscreen of a smartwatch) and two of them on a smartphone (virtual buttons, touch interaction). 32 participants were asked to scale and rotate a virtual 3D object. We studied the usability of the interaction methods by measuring effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction of the users. The results of the study showed that smartphone interaction is superior to any of the studied smartglass interaction methods. Of the interaction methods implemented for the smartglass, the interaction via smartwatch shows the highest usability. Our findings suggest that smartwatches offer higher grades of usability when interacting with virtual objects rather than using the swipe pad of the smartglass or virtual buttons.

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Ohlei A, Wessel D , Herczeg M. Usability of Direct Manipulation Interaction Methods for Augmented Reality Environments Using Smartphones and Smartglasses. In Tommaso De Paolis L, Bourdot P, editors, AVR 2019: Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality, and Computer Graphics. Vol. 11614 LNCS. Springer, Cham. 2019. p. 84-98. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science). doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-25999-0_8

Usability of Direct Manipulation Interaction Methods for Augmented Reality Environments Using Smartphones and Smartglasses

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