The role of ultrasound for the personalized botulinum toxin treatment of cervical dystonia

Urban M. Fietzek*, Devavrat Nene, Axel Schramm, Silke Appel-Cresswell, Zuzana Košutzká, Uwe Walter, Jörg Wissel, Steffen Berweck, Sylvain Chouinard, Tobias Bäumer

*Corresponding author for this work

Abstract

The visualization of the human body has frequently been groundbreaking in medicine. In the last few years, the use of ultrasound (US) imaging has become a well-established procedure for botulinum toxin therapy in people with cervical dystonia (CD). It is now undisputed among experts that some of the most relevant muscles in this indication can be safely injected under visual US guidance. This review will explore the method from basic technical considerations, current evidence to conceptual developments of the phenomenology of cervical dystonia. We will review the implications of introducing US to our understanding of muscle function and anatomy of common cervical dystonic patterns. We suggest a flow chart for the use of US to achieve a personalized treatment of people with CD. Thus, we hope to contribute a resource that is useful in clinical practice and that stimulates the ongoing development of this valuable technique.

Original languageEnglish
Article number365
JournalToxins
Volume13
Issue number5
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 05.2021

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