The long-term outcome of boys with partial androgen insensitivity syndrome and a mutation in the androgen receptor gene

A. Lucas-Herald, S. Bertelloni, A. Juul, J. Bryce, J. Jiang, M. Rodie, R. Sinnott, M. Boroujerdi, M. Lindhardt Johansen, O. Hiort, P. M. Holterhus, M. Cools, G. Guaragna-Filho, G. Guerra-Junior, N. Weintrob, S. Hannema, T. Guran, F. Darendeliler, A. Nordenstrom, I. A. HughesC. Acerini, R. Tadokoro-Cuccaro, S. L.S. Drop, S. F. Ahmed*

*Corresponding author for this work
19 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: In boys with suspected partial androgen insensitivity syndrome (PAIS), systematic evidence that supports the long-term prognostic value of identifying a mutation in the androgen receptor gene (AR) is lacking. Objective: To assess the clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes in young men with suspected PAIS in relation to the results of AR analysis. Methods: Through the International Disorders of Sex Development Registry, clinical information was gathered on young men suspected of having PAIS (n = 52) who presented before the age of 16 years and had genetic analysis of AR. Results: The median ages at presentation and at the time of the study were 1 month (range, 1 day to 16years)and22years (range,16to52years), respectively.Ofthe cohort,29men(56%)had20different AR mutations reported. At diagnosis, the median external masculinization scores were 7 and 6 in cases with and without AR mutation, respectively (P = .9), and median current external masculinization scores were 9 and 10, respectively (P = .28). Thirty-five men (67%) required at least one surgical procedure, and those with a mutation were more likely to require multiple surgeries for hypospadias (P=.004). All cases with an AR mutation had gynecomastia, compared to 9% of those without an AR mutation. Of the six men who had a mastectomy, five (83%) had an AR mutation. Conclusions: Boys with genetically confirmed PAIS are likely to have a poorer clinical outcome than those with XY DSD, with normal T synthesis, and without an identifiable AR mutation. Routine genetic analysis of AR to confirm PAIS informs long-term prognosis and management. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab 101: 3959-3967, 2016).

Original languageEnglish
JournalJournal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
Volume101
Issue number11
Pages (from-to)3959-3967
Number of pages9
ISSN0021-972X
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 01.11.2016

Research Areas and Centers

  • Academic Focus: Center for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM)

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'The long-term outcome of boys with partial androgen insensitivity syndrome and a mutation in the androgen receptor gene'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this