TY - JOUR
T1 - Sleep disturbances are correlated with decreased morning awakening salivary cortisol
AU - Backhaus, Jutta
AU - Junghanns, Klaus
AU - Hohagen, Fritz
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by a grant from the Deutsche Forschungs Gesellschaft (DFG) to J.B. and K.J. (BA 2022/2). We thank Jolanta Chwalko, Andrea Schlagelambers and Michael Andrew for study assistance as well as Prof. Jan Born, in whose laboratory the salivary cortisol salivettes were analyzed.
Copyright:
Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2004/10
Y1 - 2004/10
N2 - Morning and evening salivary cortisol levels were correlated with sleep parameters in 14 patients with primary insomnia and 15 healthy controls. Salivary cortisol was sampled immediately after awakening (T1), 15 min later (T2), and immediately before going to bed (T3) for 1 week at home. In parallel with this, subjects estimated parameters of sleep in a daily sleep log. Patients and controls were all non-smokers who did not differ regarding morning awakening time or bedtime. Cortisol after awakening was significantly decreased in primary insomnia. Salivary cortisol at the time of awakening correlated negatively with the subjective estimation of sleep quality, i.e. a low salivary cortisol level directly after awakening correlated with a higher frequency of nightly awakenings (r=-0.50), a diminished sleep quality (r=-0.34) and a decreased feeling of recovery after awakening (r=-0.35; all p<0.05). Furthermore, awakening cortisol was negatively correlated with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (r=-0.43) and with a questionnaire on sleep-related cognitions with the subscales rumination in bed (r=-0.56) and focusing on sleep-related thoughts (r=-0.46; all p<0.05).
AB - Morning and evening salivary cortisol levels were correlated with sleep parameters in 14 patients with primary insomnia and 15 healthy controls. Salivary cortisol was sampled immediately after awakening (T1), 15 min later (T2), and immediately before going to bed (T3) for 1 week at home. In parallel with this, subjects estimated parameters of sleep in a daily sleep log. Patients and controls were all non-smokers who did not differ regarding morning awakening time or bedtime. Cortisol after awakening was significantly decreased in primary insomnia. Salivary cortisol at the time of awakening correlated negatively with the subjective estimation of sleep quality, i.e. a low salivary cortisol level directly after awakening correlated with a higher frequency of nightly awakenings (r=-0.50), a diminished sleep quality (r=-0.34) and a decreased feeling of recovery after awakening (r=-0.35; all p<0.05). Furthermore, awakening cortisol was negatively correlated with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (r=-0.43) and with a questionnaire on sleep-related cognitions with the subscales rumination in bed (r=-0.56) and focusing on sleep-related thoughts (r=-0.46; all p<0.05).
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=3042634945&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2004.01.010
DO - 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2004.01.010
M3 - Journal articles
C2 - 15219642
AN - SCOPUS:3042634945
SN - 0306-4530
VL - 29
SP - 1184
EP - 1191
JO - Psychoneuroendocrinology
JF - Psychoneuroendocrinology
IS - 9
ER -
