Role of alanine racemase mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis D-cycloserine resistance

Yoshio Nakatani, Helen K. Opel-Reading, Matthias Merker, Diana Machado, Sönke Andres, S. Siva Kumar, Danesh Moradigaravand, Francesc Coll, João Perdigão, Isabel Portugal, Thomas Schön, Dina Nair, K. R.Uma Devi, Thomas A. Kohl, Patrick Beckert, Taane G. Clark, Gugu Maphalala, Derrick Khumalo, Roland Diel, Kadri KlaosHtin Lin Aung, Gregory M. Cook, Julian Parkhill, Sharon J. Peacock, Soumya Swaminathan, Miguel Viveiros, Stefan Niemann, Kurt L. Krause*, Claudio U. Köser

*Corresponding author for this work

Abstract

A screening of more than 1,500 drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis revealed evolutionary patterns characteristic of positive selection for three alanine racemase (Alr) mutations. We investigated these mutations using molecular modeling, in vitro MIC testing, as well as direct measurements of enzymatic activity, which demonstrated that these mutations likely confer resistance to D-cycloserine.

Original languageEnglish
Article numbere01575
JournalAntimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
Volume61
Issue number12
ISSN0066-4804
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 12.2017

Funding

This work was funded by the University of Otago, Health Research Council Explorer grant and Maurice Wilkins Centre. In addition, parts of this study were supported by the European Union PathoNgenTrace project (grant FP7-278864-2) and the German Center for Infection Research (DZIF). Further funds were received from Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Portugal, through the grants UID/Multi/04413/2013 (to M.V. and D.M.), SFRH/BPD/100688/2014 (to D.M.), and SFRH/BPD/95406/2013 (to J.P.). F.C. was supported by the Wellcome Trust 201344/Z/16/Z. T.G.C. was funded by the Medical Research Council UK (grants MR/K000551/1, MR/M01360X/1, and MR/N010469/1). Fur- ther support was received the Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi and Health Innovation Challenge Fund (grants HICF-T5-342 and WT098600), a parallel funding partnership between the UK Department of Health and the Wellcome Trust. C.U.K. is a research associate at Wolfson College, Cambridge, UK. K.L.K., Y.N., and H.K.O.-R. have received funding for alanine racemase-related projects from L2 Diagnostics LLC, New Haven, CT. J.P., S.J.P., and C.U.K. have collaborated with Illumina, Inc. on a number of scientific projects. J.P. has received funding for travel and accommodation from Pacific Biosciences, Inc. and Illumina, Inc. S.J.P. has received funding for travel and accommodation from Illumina, Inc. C.U.K. is a consultant for the Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics. The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and Janssen Pharmaceutica covered C.U.K.’s travel and accommodation to present at meetings. The European Society of Mycobacteriology awarded C.U.K. and M.M. the Gertrud Meissner Award, which is sponsored by Hain Lifescience.

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

  1. SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
    SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Research Areas and Centers

  • Academic Focus: Center for Infection and Inflammation Research (ZIEL)

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