Predictive factors of outcome of selective retina therapy for diabetic macular edema

Purpose: To investigate the predictive factors of clinical outcome of selective retina therapy (SRT) for diabetic macular edema (DME). Methods: This retrospective study included 22 eyes of 22 patients (15 males and 7 females), who were treated with SRT for DME at the Department of Ophthalmology of Osaka City University Hospital and observed at least 6 months after the treatment. The mean age was 64 years (range 40–81). Thirteen of the 22 eyes (59%) had a treatment history other than SRT before. SRT laser (527 nm, 1.7 µs, 100 Hz) was used for treatment. Changes in the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (logMAR) and central macular thickness (CMT) in optical coherence tomography were examined at baseline, 3-month follow-up, and 6-month follow-up. Factors associated with the rate of change in CMT at 3 and 6 months after SRT were examined. Results: The mean BCVA (logMAR) was 0.26 ± 0.31, 0.22 ± 0.27 and 0.23 ± 0.29 at baseline, 3 months and 6 months, respectively (p = 0.15 at 3 months, 0.40 at 6 months; compared to baseline). The mean CMT was 502 ± 163, 493 ± 204, and 416 ± 185 μm at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months, respectively (p = 0.69 at 3 months, 0.01 at 6 months; compared to baseline). The multivariate analysis found a significant negative association with previous macular photocoagulation (p = 0.03) at 3 months and a positive association with a history of insulin use (p = 0.02) and previous panretinal photocoagulation (p = 0.03) at 6 months after SRT. Conclusion: The CMT was significantly decreased at 6 months after SRT in DME. The history of insulin use and panretinal photocoagulation may positively and the history of macular photocoagulation may negatively affect the outcome of SRT, which must be considered when determining the therapeutic indications for SRT.