TY - JOUR
T1 - Oxygen therapy in permanent brain ischemia: Potential and limitations
AU - Veltkamp, Roland
AU - Sun, Li
AU - Herrmann, Oliver
AU - Wolferts, Guido
AU - Hagmann, Sebastien
AU - Siebing, Dirk A.
AU - Marti, Hugo H.
AU - Veltkamp, Claudia
AU - Schwaninger, Markus
PY - 2006/8/30
Y1 - 2006/8/30
N2 - Background: Both normobaric (NBO) and hyperbaric (HBO) oxygen therapy are protective in transient cerebral ischemia. In contrast, in permanent ischemia models, which reflect the majority of clinical strokes, the effectiveness of NBO is unknown, and the effectiveness of HBO is controversial. The goals of the present study were to compare both oxygen therapies in 2 models of permanent ischemia, to study the effect of time window, and to evaluate the combination of both oxygen therapies.Methods:Distal or proximal permanent occlusion of middle cerebral artery (MCAO) was induced by coagulation or filament, respectively. Mice received air, NBO, a single or repeated HBO (3 ata) treatments. Infarct sizes were quantified at 7 days (coagulation) and 24 h (filament), respectively.Results:Following MCA coagulation, infarct volume was 12.9 ± 1.6 mm3in mice breathing air. When started 45 min or 120 min after MCAO, NBO (10.8 ± 2.2) and significantly more potently HBO (7.8 ± 0.9) reduced infarct size. Repeated HBO treatments had no additional effect (8.3 ± 2.3). HBO also significantly decreased TUNEL cell staining at 24 h. Combination of 60 min NBO plus 60 min HBO resulted in smaller cortical infarcts (8.7 ± 1.5) than 120 min NBO alone (11.1 ± 3.2). In contrast, infarct volumes in filament-induced permanent MCAO did not differ among rodents receiving air (50 ± 24 mm3), NBO (48 ± 16), or HBO (46 ± 21). After filament-induced transient MCAO, however, HBO reduced infarct volume significantly.Conclusions:NBO and more effectively HBO protect the brain against permanent cortical ischemia. In extensive focal ischemia, however, oxygen therapy is only effective in case of early recanalization.
AB - Background: Both normobaric (NBO) and hyperbaric (HBO) oxygen therapy are protective in transient cerebral ischemia. In contrast, in permanent ischemia models, which reflect the majority of clinical strokes, the effectiveness of NBO is unknown, and the effectiveness of HBO is controversial. The goals of the present study were to compare both oxygen therapies in 2 models of permanent ischemia, to study the effect of time window, and to evaluate the combination of both oxygen therapies.Methods:Distal or proximal permanent occlusion of middle cerebral artery (MCAO) was induced by coagulation or filament, respectively. Mice received air, NBO, a single or repeated HBO (3 ata) treatments. Infarct sizes were quantified at 7 days (coagulation) and 24 h (filament), respectively.Results:Following MCA coagulation, infarct volume was 12.9 ± 1.6 mm3in mice breathing air. When started 45 min or 120 min after MCAO, NBO (10.8 ± 2.2) and significantly more potently HBO (7.8 ± 0.9) reduced infarct size. Repeated HBO treatments had no additional effect (8.3 ± 2.3). HBO also significantly decreased TUNEL cell staining at 24 h. Combination of 60 min NBO plus 60 min HBO resulted in smaller cortical infarcts (8.7 ± 1.5) than 120 min NBO alone (11.1 ± 3.2). In contrast, infarct volumes in filament-induced permanent MCAO did not differ among rodents receiving air (50 ± 24 mm3), NBO (48 ± 16), or HBO (46 ± 21). After filament-induced transient MCAO, however, HBO reduced infarct volume significantly.Conclusions:NBO and more effectively HBO protect the brain against permanent cortical ischemia. In extensive focal ischemia, however, oxygen therapy is only effective in case of early recanalization.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33747029226&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.05.108
DO - 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.05.108
M3 - Journal articles
C2 - 16828721
AN - SCOPUS:33747029226
SN - 0006-8993
VL - 1107
SP - 185
EP - 191
JO - Brain Research
JF - Brain Research
IS - 1
ER -
