TY - JOUR
T1 - Neurocognitive skills and vulnerability for psychosis in depression and across the psychotic spectrum
T2 - findings from the PRONIA Consortium
AU - the PRONIA consortium
AU - Bonivento, Carolina
AU - Kambeitz-Ilankovic, Lana
AU - Maggioni, Eleonora
AU - Borgwardt, Stefan
AU - Lencer, Rebekka
AU - Meisenzahl, Eva
AU - Kambeitz, Joseph
AU - Ruhrmann, Stephan
AU - Salokangas, Raimo K.R.
AU - Bertolino, Alessandro
AU - Stainton, Alexandra
AU - Wenzel, Julian
AU - Pantelis, Christos
AU - Wood, Stephen J.
AU - Upthegrove, Rachel
AU - Koutsouleris, Nikolaos
AU - Brambilla, Paolo
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Royal College of Psychiatrists.
PY - 2023/10/17
Y1 - 2023/10/17
N2 - Background Neurocognitive deficits are a core feature of psychosis and depression. Despite commonalities in cognitive alterations, it remains unclear if and how the cognitive deficits in patients at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR) and those with recent-onset psychosis (ROP) are distinct from those seen in recent-onset depression (ROD). Aims This study was carried out within the European project 'Personalized Prognostic Tools for Early Psychosis Management', and aimed to characterise the cognitive profiles of patients with psychosis or depression. Method We examined cognitive profiles for patients with ROP (n = 105), patients with ROD (n = 123), patients at CHR (n = 116) and healthy controls (n = 372) across seven sites in five European countries. Confirmatory factor analysis identified four cognitive factors independent of gender, education and site: speed of processing, attention and working memory, verbal learning and spatial learning. Results Patients with ROP performed worse than healthy controls in all four domains (P < 0.001), whereas performance of patients with ROD was not affected (P > 0.05). Patients at CHR performed worse than healthy controls in speed of processing (P = 0.001) and spatial learning (P = 0.003), but better than patients with ROP across all cognitive domains (all P ≤ 0.01). CHR and ROD groups did not significantly differ in any cognitive domain. These findings were independent of comorbid depressive symptoms, substance consumption and illness duration. Conclusions These results show that neurocognitive abilities are affected in CHR and ROP, whereas ROD seems spared. Although our findings may support the notion that those at CHR have a specific vulnerability to psychosis, future studies investigating broader transdiagnostic risk cohorts in longitudinal designs are needed.
AB - Background Neurocognitive deficits are a core feature of psychosis and depression. Despite commonalities in cognitive alterations, it remains unclear if and how the cognitive deficits in patients at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR) and those with recent-onset psychosis (ROP) are distinct from those seen in recent-onset depression (ROD). Aims This study was carried out within the European project 'Personalized Prognostic Tools for Early Psychosis Management', and aimed to characterise the cognitive profiles of patients with psychosis or depression. Method We examined cognitive profiles for patients with ROP (n = 105), patients with ROD (n = 123), patients at CHR (n = 116) and healthy controls (n = 372) across seven sites in five European countries. Confirmatory factor analysis identified four cognitive factors independent of gender, education and site: speed of processing, attention and working memory, verbal learning and spatial learning. Results Patients with ROP performed worse than healthy controls in all four domains (P < 0.001), whereas performance of patients with ROD was not affected (P > 0.05). Patients at CHR performed worse than healthy controls in speed of processing (P = 0.001) and spatial learning (P = 0.003), but better than patients with ROP across all cognitive domains (all P ≤ 0.01). CHR and ROD groups did not significantly differ in any cognitive domain. These findings were independent of comorbid depressive symptoms, substance consumption and illness duration. Conclusions These results show that neurocognitive abilities are affected in CHR and ROP, whereas ROD seems spared. Although our findings may support the notion that those at CHR have a specific vulnerability to psychosis, future studies investigating broader transdiagnostic risk cohorts in longitudinal designs are needed.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85174750553&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1192/bjp.2023.98
DO - 10.1192/bjp.2023.98
M3 - Journal articles
C2 - 37846967
AN - SCOPUS:85174750553
SN - 0007-1250
VL - 223
SP - 485
EP - 492
JO - British Journal of Psychiatry
JF - British Journal of Psychiatry
IS - 4
ER -