Mutations in PLK4, encoding a master regulator of centriole biogenesis, cause microcephaly, growth failure and retinopathy

Carol Anne Martin, Ilyas Ahmad (Shared First Author), Anna Klingseisen, Muhammad Sajid Hussain, Louise S. Bicknell, Andrea Leitch, Gudrun Nürnberg, Mohammad Reza Toliat, Jennie E. Murray, David Hunt, Fawad Khan, Zafar Ali, Sigrid Tinschert, James Ding, Charlotte Keith, Margaret E. Harley, Patricia Heyn, Rolf Müller, Ingrid Hoffmann, Valérie Cormier DaireHélène Dollfus, Lucie Dupuis, Anu Bashamboo, Kenneth McElreavey, Ariana Kariminejad, Roberto Mendoza-Londono, Anthony T. Moore, Anand Saggar, Catie Schlechter, Richard Weleber, Holger Thiele, Janine Altmüller, Wolfgang Höhne, Matthew E. Hurles, Angelika Anna Noegel, Shahid Mahmood Baig, Peter Nürnberg, Andrew P. Jackson*

*Corresponding author for this work

Abstract

Centrioles are essential for ciliogenesis. However, mutations in centriole biogenesis genes have been reported in primary microcephaly and Seckel syndrome, disorders without the hallmark clinical features of ciliopathies. Here we identify mutations in the genes encoding PLK4 kinase, a master regulator of centriole duplication, and its substrate TUBGCP6 in individuals with microcephalic primordial dwarfism and additional congenital anomalies, including retinopathy, thereby extending the human phenotypic spectrum associated with centriole dysfunction. Furthermore, we establish that different levels of impaired PLK4 activity result in growth and cilia phenotypes, providing a mechanism by which microcephaly disorders can occur with or without ciliopathic features.

Original languageEnglish
JournalNature Genetics
Volume46
Issue number12
Pages (from-to)1283-1292
Number of pages10
ISSN1061-4036
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 11.12.2014

Funding

We thank the families and clinicians for their involvement and participation; P. Mills, T. Hurd, M. Bettencourt-Dias and M. Reijns for commenting on the manuscript; N. Hastie, D. Fitzpatrick and J. Livingston for helpful discussions; C. Janke (Institut Curie) for his kind gift of the GT335 antibody; E. Freyer for assistance with FACS analysis; P. Gautier for bioinformatics; P. Carroll and A. Vickers for technical assistance; the IGMM core sequencing service; the IGMM imaging facility for assistance with microscopy; E. Patton and the IGMM fish facility for advice and zebrafish technical assistance; E. Liston and the DNA Resource Centre at SickKids for sample processing; A. Pearce and E. Maher (Cytogenetics Laboratory, South East Scotland Genetics Service) for technical advice; G. Hahn (University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus) for her second opinion on the MRI data; and N. Dalibor and E. Kirst (CCG) for their expert technical assistance. This work was supported by funding from the MRC, the Lister Institute for Preventative Medicine and the European Research Council (ERC, 281847) (A.P.J.), Medical Research Scotland (L.S.B.), the National Institute for Health Research Moorfields Eye Hospital Biomedical Research Centre (A.T.M.), Köln Fortune (M.S.H.) and CMMC (P.N. and A.A.N.).

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

  1. SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
    SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Research Areas and Centers

  • Research Area: Medical Genetics

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