Measurement of Laterality and Its Relevance for Sports

This chapter describes the theoretical assumptions underlying the definitions and measurements of laterality and discusses the lack of clarity regarding the different interpretations of laterality. The issue is described on the one hand from an assessment point of view, discussing current methods of measurement in accordance to the three main assessment tools: performance tasks, preference tasks, and self-report questionnaires. The most widely used assessment tool is evaluated more in depth. On the other hand a test theoretical perspective on laterality is given including both classical and probabilistic test theory. The chapter shows that there is a lack of appropriate methods to indicate laterality, which can lead to major misinterpretations, and that there is an apparent need for a clearer and a more consistent definition, as well as for laterality tests for specific populations. Considering laterality assessments, it can only be valid to the degree of which the underlying concept itself is valid. The authors suggest defining laterality as a latent trait and using probabilistic models (IRT models) in future research to help to enhance the structural understanding of laterality.