Material ejection in free-running Er:YAG laser ablation of water, liver, and skin

Alfred Vogel; Bram Kersten; Ingo Apitz

doi:10.1117/12.477706

Material ejection in free-running Er:YAG laser ablation of water, liver, and skin

Alfred Vogel^*, Bram Kersten, Ingo Apitz

^*Corresponding author for this work

Institute of Biomedical Optics

8 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

We investigated the mechanisms of material ejection in IR laser tissue ablation using free-running Er:YAG laser pulses. We found that for water and soft tissues such as liver the primary mechanism for material ejection is a phase explosion within the target material. The recoil induced by the primary material ejection causes a secondary material expulsion that largely increases the ablation efficiency. For mechanically stronger tissues such as skin, the material ejection is driven by confined boiling, and recoil-induced expulsion plays no role. The high efficiency of recoil-induced material expulsion is associated with a loss in ablation precision and an increase of mechanical side effects that needs to be considered for an appropriate choice of laser parameters.

Original language	English
Journal	Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
Volume	4961
Pages (from-to)	40-47
Number of pages	8
ISSN	0277-786X
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1117/12.477706
Publication status	Published - 27.08.2003
Event	PROGRESS IN BIOMEDICAL OPTICS AND IMAGING: Laser-Tissue Interaction XIV - San Jose, United States Duration: 25.01.2003 → 29.01.2003 Conference number: 61888

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Academic Focus: Biomedical Engineering

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title = "Material ejection in free-running Er:YAG laser ablation of water, liver, and skin",

abstract = "We investigated the mechanisms of material ejection in IR laser tissue ablation using free-running Er:YAG laser pulses. We found that for water and soft tissues such as liver the primary mechanism for material ejection is a phase explosion within the target material. The recoil induced by the primary material ejection causes a secondary material expulsion that largely increases the ablation efficiency. For mechanically stronger tissues such as skin, the material ejection is driven by confined boiling, and recoil-induced expulsion plays no role. The high efficiency of recoil-induced material expulsion is associated with a loss in ablation precision and an increase of mechanical side effects that needs to be considered for an appropriate choice of laser parameters.",

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T1 - Material ejection in free-running Er:YAG laser ablation of water, liver, and skin

AU - Vogel, Alfred

AU - Kersten, Bram

AU - Apitz, Ingo

N1 - Conference code: 61888

PY - 2003/8/27

Y1 - 2003/8/27

N2 - We investigated the mechanisms of material ejection in IR laser tissue ablation using free-running Er:YAG laser pulses. We found that for water and soft tissues such as liver the primary mechanism for material ejection is a phase explosion within the target material. The recoil induced by the primary material ejection causes a secondary material expulsion that largely increases the ablation efficiency. For mechanically stronger tissues such as skin, the material ejection is driven by confined boiling, and recoil-induced expulsion plays no role. The high efficiency of recoil-induced material expulsion is associated with a loss in ablation precision and an increase of mechanical side effects that needs to be considered for an appropriate choice of laser parameters.

AB - We investigated the mechanisms of material ejection in IR laser tissue ablation using free-running Er:YAG laser pulses. We found that for water and soft tissues such as liver the primary mechanism for material ejection is a phase explosion within the target material. The recoil induced by the primary material ejection causes a secondary material expulsion that largely increases the ablation efficiency. For mechanically stronger tissues such as skin, the material ejection is driven by confined boiling, and recoil-induced expulsion plays no role. The high efficiency of recoil-induced material expulsion is associated with a loss in ablation precision and an increase of mechanical side effects that needs to be considered for an appropriate choice of laser parameters.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/0344616888

U2 - 10.1117/12.477706

DO - 10.1117/12.477706

M3 - Conference Articles in Journals

SN - 0277-786X

VL - 4961

SP - 40

EP - 47

JO - Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering

JF - Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering

T2 - PROGRESS IN BIOMEDICAL OPTICS AND IMAGING: Laser-Tissue Interaction XIV

Y2 - 25 January 2003 through 29 January 2003

ER -

Material ejection in free-running Er:YAG laser ablation of water, liver, and skin

Abstract

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