Kautelen bei der durchführung des embryotransfers

Various studies are available that have assessed the influence of embryo transfer technique on the outcome of in vitro fertilization (IVF). Concerning the different methods of embryo transfer, it was recognized that, e.g., use of soft catheters such as the Frydman catheter or Wallace catheter seems to result in a higher pregnancy rate. This can be explained by the fact that soft catheters are less traumatic for the endometrium, which clearly plays a key role during implantation. Several studies have also shown that ultrasound guidance during embryo transfer can significantly improve results. An echogenic tip enables precise visualization of the transfer site and any correction of the catheter tip placement that may be necessary. Lavage of the uterine neck prior to embryo transfer appears to reduce contamination of the catheter tip with mucus, bacteria, or blood. This cleansing minimizes both the risk of infection from the procedure and the loss of embryos. It became evident that the use of progesterone preparations leads to a reduction of uterine contractility and thus counteracts the loss of embryos. The surgeon's expertise is a further influential factor for pregnancy rates. Extended bed rest following embryo transfer is no longer in accord with current recommendations.