Kardiale Toxizität durch Strahlentherapie bei Brustkrebs: Aktuelle Ergebnisse, Bewertung und Prävention

Translated title of the contribution: Heart toxicity from breast cancer radiotherapy: Current findings, assessment, and prevention

Marc D. Piroth*, René Baumann, Wilfried Budach, Jürgen Dunst, Petra Feyer, Rainer Fietkau, Wulf Haase, Wolfgang Harms, Thomas Hehr, David Krug, Arnd Röser, Felix Sedlmayer, Rainer Souchon, Frederik Wenz, Rolf Sauer

*Corresponding author for this work
31 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: Late cardiac toxicities caused by (particularly left-sided) breast radiotherapy (RT) are now recognized as rare but relevant sequelae, which has prompted research on risk structure identification and definition of threshold doses to heart subvolumes. The aim of the present review was to critically discuss the clinical evidence on late cardiac reactions based on dose-dependent outcome reports for mean heart doses as well as doses to cardiac substructures. Methods: A literature review was performed to examine clinical evidence on radiation-induced heart toxicities. Mean heart doses and doses to cardiac substructures were focused upon based on dose-dependent outcome reports. Furthermore, an overview of radiation techniques for heart protection is given and non-radiotherapeutic aspects of cardiotoxicity in the multimodal setting of breast cancer treatment are discussed. Results: Based on available findings, the DEGRO breast cancer expert panel recommends the following constraints: mean heart dose <2.5 Gy; D mean LV (mean dose left ventricle) < 3 Gy; V5 LV (volume of LV receiving ≥5 Gy) < 17%; V23 LV (volume of LV receiving ≥23 Gy) < 5%; D mean LAD (mean dose left descending artery) < 10 Gy; V30 LAD (volume of LAD receiving ≥30 Gy) < 2%; V40 LAD (volume of LAD receiving ≥40 Gy) < 1%. Conclusion: In addition to mean heart dose, breast cancer RT treatment planning should also include constraints for cardiac subvolumes such as LV and LAD. The given constraints serve as a clinicians’ aid for ensuring adequate heart protection. The individual decision between sufficient protection of cardiac structures versus optimal target volume coverage remains in the physician’s hand. The risk of breast cancer-specific mortality and a patient’s cardiac risk factors must be individually weighed up against the risk of radiation-induced cardiotoxicity.

Translated title of the contributionHeart toxicity from breast cancer radiotherapy: Current findings, assessment, and prevention
Original languageGerman
JournalStrahlentherapie und Onkologie
Volume195
Issue number1
ISSN0179-7158
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 21.01.2019

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