Immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants after heterologous and homologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/BNT162b2 vaccination

Joana Barros-Martins; Swantje I. Hammerschmidt; Anne Cossmann; Ivan Odak; Metodi V. Stankov; Gema Morillas Ramos; Alexandra Dopfer-Jablonka; Annika Heidemann; Christiane Ritter; Michaela Friedrichsen; Christian Schultze-Florey; Inga Ravens; Stefanie Willenzon; Anja Bubke; Jasmin Ristenpart; Anika Janssen; George Ssebyatika; Günter Bernhardt; Jan Münch; Markus Hoffmann; Stefan Pöhlmann; Thomas Krey; Berislav Bošnjak; Reinhold Förster; Georg M.N. Behrens

doi:10.1038/s41591-021-01449-9

Immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants after heterologous and homologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/BNT162b2 vaccination

Joana Barros-Martins, Swantje I. Hammerschmidt, Anne Cossmann, Ivan Odak, Metodi V. Stankov, Gema Morillas Ramos, Alexandra Dopfer-Jablonka, Annika Heidemann, Christiane Ritter, Michaela Friedrichsen, Christian Schultze-Florey, Inga Ravens, Stefanie Willenzon, Anja Bubke, Jasmin Ristenpart, Anika Janssen, George Ssebyatika, Günter Bernhardt, Jan Münch, Markus HoffmannStefan Pöhlmann, Thomas Krey, Berislav Bošnjak^*, Reinhold Förster, Georg M.N. Behrens

^*Corresponding author for this work

Institute of Biochemistry

342 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Currently approved viral vector-based and mRNA-based vaccine approaches against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) consider only homologous prime-boost vaccination. After reports of thromboembolic events, several European governments recommended using AstraZeneca’s ChAdOx1-nCov-19 (ChAd) only in individuals older than 60 years, leaving millions of already ChAd-primed individuals with the decision to receive either a second shot of ChAd or a heterologous boost with mRNA-based vaccines. However, such combinations have not been tested so far. We used Hannover Medical School’s COVID-19 Contact Study cohort of healthcare professionals to monitor ChAd-primed immune responses before and 3 weeks after booster with ChAd (n = 32) or BioNTech/Pfizer’s BNT162b2 (n = 55). Although both vaccines boosted prime-induced immunity, BNT162b2 induced significantly higher frequencies of spike-specific CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells and, in particular, high titers of neutralizing antibodies against the B.1.1.7, B.1.351 and P.1 variants of concern of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.

Original language	English
Journal	Nature Medicine
Volume	27
Issue number	9
Pages (from-to)	1525-1529
Number of pages	5
ISSN	1078-8956
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-021-01449-9
Publication status	Published - 09.2021

Funding

This work was supported by the German Center for Infection Research TTU 01.938 (grant no. 80018019238, to G.M.N.B and R.F.) and TTU 04.820, to G.M.N.B.; by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) Excellence Strategy EXC 2155 ‘RESIST’ (Project ID 39087428, to R.F.); by funds of the State of Lower Saxony (14-76103-184 CORONA-11/20, to R.F.); by funds of the BMBF (NaFoUniMedCovid19 FKZ: 01KX2021; Projects B-FAST, to R.F.); and by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, SFB 900/3 (Projects B1, 158989968, to R.F.). We thank the CoCo Study participants for their support and the entire CoCo Study team for help. We would like to thank F. Klawonn for statistical advice and L. Manthey, H. Bartmann, T. Redeker, J. Topal, K. Sträche, B. Heinisch, M. Stephan, M. Nöhre, S. Müller, O. Dragicevic, A. T. Tran, K. D. T. Hoang, A.-L. Boeck, A. Kempf, I. Nehlmeier and M. Wortmann for technical and logistical support.

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Barros-Martins, J., Hammerschmidt, S. I., Cossmann, A., Odak, I., Stankov, M. V., Morillas Ramos, G., Dopfer-Jablonka, A., Heidemann, A., Ritter, C., Friedrichsen, M., Schultze-Florey, C., Ravens, I., Willenzon, S., Bubke, A., Ristenpart, J., Janssen, A., Ssebyatika, G., Bernhardt, G., Münch, J., ... Behrens, G. M. N. (2021). Immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants after heterologous and homologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/BNT162b2 vaccination. Nature Medicine, 27(9), 1525-1529. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-021-01449-9

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title = "Immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants after heterologous and homologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/BNT162b2 vaccination",

abstract = "Currently approved viral vector-based and mRNA-based vaccine approaches against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) consider only homologous prime-boost vaccination. After reports of thromboembolic events, several European governments recommended using AstraZeneca{\textquoteright}s ChAdOx1-nCov-19 (ChAd) only in individuals older than 60 years, leaving millions of already ChAd-primed individuals with the decision to receive either a second shot of ChAd or a heterologous boost with mRNA-based vaccines. However, such combinations have not been tested so far. We used Hannover Medical School{\textquoteright}s COVID-19 Contact Study cohort of healthcare professionals to monitor ChAd-primed immune responses before and 3 weeks after booster with ChAd (n = 32) or BioNTech/Pfizer{\textquoteright}s BNT162b2 (n = 55). Although both vaccines boosted prime-induced immunity, BNT162b2 induced significantly higher frequencies of spike-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and, in particular, high titers of neutralizing antibodies against the B.1.1.7, B.1.351 and P.1 variants of concern of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.",

author = "Joana Barros-Martins and Hammerschmidt, \{Swantje I.\} and Anne Cossmann and Ivan Odak and Stankov, \{Metodi V.\} and \{Morillas Ramos\}, Gema and Alexandra Dopfer-Jablonka and Annika Heidemann and Christiane Ritter and Michaela Friedrichsen and Christian Schultze-Florey and Inga Ravens and Stefanie Willenzon and Anja Bubke and Jasmin Ristenpart and Anika Janssen and George Ssebyatika and G{\"u}nter Bernhardt and Jan M{\"u}nch and Markus Hoffmann and Stefan P{\"o}hlmann and Thomas Krey and Berislav Bo{\v s}njak and Reinhold F{\"o}rster and Behrens, \{Georg M.N.\}",

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Barros-Martins, J, Hammerschmidt, SI, Cossmann, A, Odak, I, Stankov, MV, Morillas Ramos, G, Dopfer-Jablonka, A, Heidemann, A, Ritter, C, Friedrichsen, M, Schultze-Florey, C, Ravens, I, Willenzon, S, Bubke, A, Ristenpart, J, Janssen, A, Ssebyatika, G, Bernhardt, G, Münch, J, Hoffmann, M, Pöhlmann, S, Krey, T, Bošnjak, B, Förster, R & Behrens, GMN 2021, 'Immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants after heterologous and homologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/BNT162b2 vaccination', Nature Medicine, vol. 27, no. 9, pp. 1525-1529. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-021-01449-9

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AU - Barros-Martins, Joana

AU - Hammerschmidt, Swantje I.

AU - Cossmann, Anne

AU - Odak, Ivan

AU - Stankov, Metodi V.

AU - Morillas Ramos, Gema

AU - Dopfer-Jablonka, Alexandra

AU - Heidemann, Annika

AU - Ritter, Christiane

AU - Friedrichsen, Michaela

AU - Schultze-Florey, Christian

AU - Ravens, Inga

AU - Willenzon, Stefanie

AU - Bubke, Anja

AU - Ristenpart, Jasmin

AU - Janssen, Anika

AU - Ssebyatika, George

AU - Bernhardt, Günter

AU - Münch, Jan

AU - Hoffmann, Markus

AU - Pöhlmann, Stefan

AU - Krey, Thomas

AU - Bošnjak, Berislav

AU - Förster, Reinhold

AU - Behrens, Georg M.N.

PY - 2021/9

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DO - 10.1038/s41591-021-01449-9

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Immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants after heterologous and homologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/BNT162b2 vaccination

Abstract

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