TY - JOUR
T1 - Duration of fecal shedding of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O104:H4 in patients infected during the 2011 outbreak in Germany: a multicenter study
AU - Vonberg, Ralf P
AU - Höhle, Michael
AU - Aepfelbacher, Martin
AU - Bange, Franz C
AU - Belmar Campos, Cristina
AU - Claussen, Katja
AU - Christner, Martin
AU - Cramer, Jakob P
AU - Haller, Hermann
AU - Hornef, Mathias
AU - Fickenscher, Helmut
AU - Fraedrich, Katharina
AU - Knobloch, Johannes K
AU - Kühbacher, Tanja
AU - Manns, Michael P
AU - Nitschke, Martin
AU - Peters, Georg
AU - Pulz, Matthias
AU - Rohde, Holger
AU - Roseland, Rahel T
AU - Sayk, Friedhelm
AU - Schaumburg, Frieder
AU - Schöcklmann, Harald O
AU - Schubert, Sabine
AU - Solbach, Werner
AU - Karch, Helge
AU - Suerbaum, Sebastian
PY - 2013/4
Y1 - 2013/4
N2 - BACKGROUND: In May-July 2011, Germany experienced a large food-borne outbreak of Shiga toxin 2-producing Escherichia coli (STEC O104:H4) with 3842 cases, including 855 cases with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and 53 deaths.METHODS: A multicenter study was initiated in 5 university hospitals to determine pathogen shedding duration. Diagnostics comprised culture on selective media, toxin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and polymerase chain reaction. Results were correlated with clinical and epidemiologic findings. Testing for pathogen excretion was continued after discharge of the patient.RESULTS: A total of 321 patients (104 male, 217 female) were included (median age, 40 years [range, 1-89 days]). Median delay from onset of symptoms to hospitalization was 4 days (range, 0-17 days). Two hundred nine patients presented with HUS. The estimate for the median duration of shedding was 17-18 days. Some patients remained STEC O104:H4 positive until the end of the observation time (maximum observed shedding duration: 157 days). There was no significant influence of sex on shedding duration. Patients presenting with HUS had a significantly shortened shedding duration (median, 13-14 days) compared to non-HUS patients (median, 33-34 days). Antimicrobial treatment was also significantly associated with reduced shedding duration. Children (age≤15 years) had longer shedding durations than adults (median, 35-41 vs 14-15 days).CONCLUSIONS: STEC O104:H4 is usually eliminated from the human gut after 1 month, but may sometimes be excreted for several months. Proper follow-up of infected patients is important to avoid further pathogen spread.
AB - BACKGROUND: In May-July 2011, Germany experienced a large food-borne outbreak of Shiga toxin 2-producing Escherichia coli (STEC O104:H4) with 3842 cases, including 855 cases with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and 53 deaths.METHODS: A multicenter study was initiated in 5 university hospitals to determine pathogen shedding duration. Diagnostics comprised culture on selective media, toxin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and polymerase chain reaction. Results were correlated with clinical and epidemiologic findings. Testing for pathogen excretion was continued after discharge of the patient.RESULTS: A total of 321 patients (104 male, 217 female) were included (median age, 40 years [range, 1-89 days]). Median delay from onset of symptoms to hospitalization was 4 days (range, 0-17 days). Two hundred nine patients presented with HUS. The estimate for the median duration of shedding was 17-18 days. Some patients remained STEC O104:H4 positive until the end of the observation time (maximum observed shedding duration: 157 days). There was no significant influence of sex on shedding duration. Patients presenting with HUS had a significantly shortened shedding duration (median, 13-14 days) compared to non-HUS patients (median, 33-34 days). Antimicrobial treatment was also significantly associated with reduced shedding duration. Children (age≤15 years) had longer shedding durations than adults (median, 35-41 vs 14-15 days).CONCLUSIONS: STEC O104:H4 is usually eliminated from the human gut after 1 month, but may sometimes be excreted for several months. Proper follow-up of infected patients is important to avoid further pathogen spread.
U2 - 10.1093/cid/cis1218
DO - 10.1093/cid/cis1218
M3 - Journal articles
C2 - 23300241
VL - 56
SP - 1132
EP - 1140
JO - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
JF - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
SN - 1058-4838
IS - 8
ER -