TY - JOUR
T1 - Clinical features and prognostic factors of combined small cell lung cancer
T2 - Development and validation of a nomogram based on the SEER database
AU - Yang, Lan
AU - Zhou, Yuwen
AU - Wang, Gang
AU - Liu, Dan
AU - Chen, Bojiang
AU - Pu, Dan
AU - Correale, Pierpaolo
AU - Rades, Dirk
AU - Tomita, Yusuke
AU - Inno, Alessandro
AU - Santarpia, Mariacarmela
AU - Li, Yalun
AU - Li, Weimin
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 AME Publishing Company. All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/11
Y1 - 2021/11
N2 - Background: Combined small-cell lung cancer (CSCLC) refers to the simultaneous presence of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and any subtype of the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to explore the prognosis of CSCLC, NSCLC, and pure SCLC patients, and to develop a nomogram to estimate the overall survival (OS) for CSCLC patients. Methods: Patients diagnosed with NSCLC, CSCLC, and pure SCLC between 2004 and 2015 were identified from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. Survival analyses were performed by using the Kaplan Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression. All CSCLC patients were randomly split 7:3 into training and validation sets. A nomogram was developed by integrating all independent predictors for OS. The performance of the nomogram was determined by discrimination, calibration ability, clinical usefulness, and risk stratification ability. Results: A total of 326,695 lung cancer patients, including 871 with CSCLC, 280,391 with NSCLC, and 45,433 with pure SCLC were enrolled. CSCLC was associated with worse survival compared with NSCLC both in the unmatched and matched cohorts. However, compared to pure SCLC, CSCLC was associated with significantly better survival in the unmatched cohorts only, while showed marginally non-significantly better survival after propensity score matching (PSM). For CSCLC, a nomogram was constructed for the 6-month, 1-year, and 3-year OS prediction by combining the independent risk factors, including age, gender, tumor, node, and metastasis stage, surgery, and chemotherapy. The nomogram showed good discrimination and calibration both in the training and validation sets, and better performance than the tumor-node- metastasis staging system. Risk stratification analysis indicated that the nomogram scores efficiently divided CSCLC patients into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups (P<0.001). Conclusions: CSCLC patients presented a significantly worse prognosis than patients with NSCLC, but comparable prognosis when compared with pure SCLC patients in the matched cohorts. In addition, we developed and validated a nomogram for predicting the 6-month, 1-year, and 3-year OS in CSCLC patients.
AB - Background: Combined small-cell lung cancer (CSCLC) refers to the simultaneous presence of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and any subtype of the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to explore the prognosis of CSCLC, NSCLC, and pure SCLC patients, and to develop a nomogram to estimate the overall survival (OS) for CSCLC patients. Methods: Patients diagnosed with NSCLC, CSCLC, and pure SCLC between 2004 and 2015 were identified from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. Survival analyses were performed by using the Kaplan Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression. All CSCLC patients were randomly split 7:3 into training and validation sets. A nomogram was developed by integrating all independent predictors for OS. The performance of the nomogram was determined by discrimination, calibration ability, clinical usefulness, and risk stratification ability. Results: A total of 326,695 lung cancer patients, including 871 with CSCLC, 280,391 with NSCLC, and 45,433 with pure SCLC were enrolled. CSCLC was associated with worse survival compared with NSCLC both in the unmatched and matched cohorts. However, compared to pure SCLC, CSCLC was associated with significantly better survival in the unmatched cohorts only, while showed marginally non-significantly better survival after propensity score matching (PSM). For CSCLC, a nomogram was constructed for the 6-month, 1-year, and 3-year OS prediction by combining the independent risk factors, including age, gender, tumor, node, and metastasis stage, surgery, and chemotherapy. The nomogram showed good discrimination and calibration both in the training and validation sets, and better performance than the tumor-node- metastasis staging system. Risk stratification analysis indicated that the nomogram scores efficiently divided CSCLC patients into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups (P<0.001). Conclusions: CSCLC patients presented a significantly worse prognosis than patients with NSCLC, but comparable prognosis when compared with pure SCLC patients in the matched cohorts. In addition, we developed and validated a nomogram for predicting the 6-month, 1-year, and 3-year OS in CSCLC patients.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85121112866&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.21037/tlcr-21-804
DO - 10.21037/tlcr-21-804
M3 - Journal articles
AN - SCOPUS:85121112866
SN - 2218-6751
VL - 10
SP - 4250
EP - 4265
JO - Translational Lung Cancer Research
JF - Translational Lung Cancer Research
IS - 11
ER -