Abstract
Brain rhythms regulate information processing in different states to enable learning and memory formation. The <1Hz sleep slow oscillation hallmarks slow-wave sleep and is critical to memory consolidation. Here we show in sleeping humans that auditory stimulation in phase with the ongoing rhythmic occurrence of slow oscillation up states profoundly enhances the slow oscillation rhythm, phase-coupled spindle activity, and, consequently, the consolidation of declarative memory. Stimulation out of phase with the ongoing slow oscillation rhythm remained ineffective. Closed-loop in-phase stimulation provides a straight-forward tool to enhance sleep rhythms and their functional efficacy
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal | Neuron |
| Volume | 78 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| Pages (from-to) | 545-553 |
| Number of pages | 9 |
| ISSN | 0896-6273 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 08.05.2013 |
Funding
This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 654 and Graduate School 235). We are grateful to J. Beyer and S. Janz for conducting parts of the experiments. H.-V.V.N. and M.M. performed the experiments and related analysis. H.-V.V.N., J.B., and M.M. designed the experiments. H.-V.V.N., T.M., J.B., and M.M. interpreted the data and contributed to writing the manuscript.
