Arm swing asymmetry in overground walking

Tim Killeen; Morad Elshehabi; Linard Filli; Markus A Hobert; Clint Hansen; David Rieger; Kathrin Brockmann; Susanne Nussbaum; Björn Zörner; Marc Bolliger; Armin Curt; Daniela Berg; Walter Maetzler

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-31151-9

Arm swing asymmetry in overground walking

Tim Killeen, Morad Elshehabi, Linard Filli, Markus A Hobert, Clint Hansen, David Rieger, Kathrin Brockmann, Susanne Nussbaum, Björn Zörner, Marc Bolliger, Armin Curt, Daniela Berg, Walter Maetzler

Clinic of Neurology

Abstract

Treadmill experiments suggest that left-dominant arm swing is common in healthy walking adults and is modulated by cognitive dual-tasking. Little is known about arm swing asymmetry in overground walking. We report directional (dASI) and non-directional arm swing symmetry indices (ndASI) from 334 adults (mean age 68.6 ± 5.9 y) walking overground at comfortable (NW) and fast (FW) speeds and while completing a serial subtraction task (DT). dASI and ndASI were calculated from sagittal shoulder range of motion data generated by inertial measurement units affixed to the wrist. Most (91%) participants were right-handed. Group mean arm swing amplitude was significantly larger on the left in all walking conditions. During NW, ndASI was 39.5 ± 21.8, with a dASI of 21.9 ± 39.5. Distribution of dASI was bimodal with an approximately 2:1 ratio of left:right-dominant arm swing. There were no differences in ndASI between conditions but dASI was smaller during DT compared to FW (15.2 vs 24.6; p = 0.009). Handedness was unrelated to ndASI, dASI or the change in ASI metrics under DT. Left-dominant arm swing is the norm in healthy human walking irrespective of walking condition or handedness. As disease markers, ndASI and dASI may have different and complementary roles.

Original language	English
Journal	Scientific Reports
Volume	8
Issue number	1
Pages (from-to)	12803
ISSN	2045-2322
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-31151-9
Publication status	Published - 24.08.2018

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title = "Arm swing asymmetry in overground walking",

abstract = "Treadmill experiments suggest that left-dominant arm swing is common in healthy walking adults and is modulated by cognitive dual-tasking. Little is known about arm swing asymmetry in overground walking. We report directional (dASI) and non-directional arm swing symmetry indices (ndASI) from 334 adults (mean age 68.6 ± 5.9 y) walking overground at comfortable (NW) and fast (FW) speeds and while completing a serial subtraction task (DT). dASI and ndASI were calculated from sagittal shoulder range of motion data generated by inertial measurement units affixed to the wrist. Most (91\%) participants were right-handed. Group mean arm swing amplitude was significantly larger on the left in all walking conditions. During NW, ndASI was 39.5 ± 21.8, with a dASI of 21.9 ± 39.5. Distribution of dASI was bimodal with an approximately 2:1 ratio of left:right-dominant arm swing. There were no differences in ndASI between conditions but dASI was smaller during DT compared to FW (15.2 vs 24.6; p = 0.009). Handedness was unrelated to ndASI, dASI or the change in ASI metrics under DT. Left-dominant arm swing is the norm in healthy human walking irrespective of walking condition or handedness. As disease markers, ndASI and dASI may have different and complementary roles.",

author = "Tim Killeen and Morad Elshehabi and Linard Filli and Hobert, \{Markus A\} and Clint Hansen and David Rieger and Kathrin Brockmann and Susanne Nussbaum and Bj{\"o}rn Z{\"o}rner and Marc Bolliger and Armin Curt and Daniela Berg and Walter Maetzler",

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T1 - Arm swing asymmetry in overground walking

AU - Killeen, Tim

AU - Elshehabi, Morad

AU - Filli, Linard

AU - Hobert, Markus A

AU - Hansen, Clint

AU - Rieger, David

AU - Brockmann, Kathrin

AU - Nussbaum, Susanne

AU - Zörner, Björn

AU - Bolliger, Marc

AU - Curt, Armin

AU - Berg, Daniela

AU - Maetzler, Walter

PY - 2018/8/24

Y1 - 2018/8/24

N2 - Treadmill experiments suggest that left-dominant arm swing is common in healthy walking adults and is modulated by cognitive dual-tasking. Little is known about arm swing asymmetry in overground walking. We report directional (dASI) and non-directional arm swing symmetry indices (ndASI) from 334 adults (mean age 68.6 ± 5.9 y) walking overground at comfortable (NW) and fast (FW) speeds and while completing a serial subtraction task (DT). dASI and ndASI were calculated from sagittal shoulder range of motion data generated by inertial measurement units affixed to the wrist. Most (91%) participants were right-handed. Group mean arm swing amplitude was significantly larger on the left in all walking conditions. During NW, ndASI was 39.5 ± 21.8, with a dASI of 21.9 ± 39.5. Distribution of dASI was bimodal with an approximately 2:1 ratio of left:right-dominant arm swing. There were no differences in ndASI between conditions but dASI was smaller during DT compared to FW (15.2 vs 24.6; p = 0.009). Handedness was unrelated to ndASI, dASI or the change in ASI metrics under DT. Left-dominant arm swing is the norm in healthy human walking irrespective of walking condition or handedness. As disease markers, ndASI and dASI may have different and complementary roles.

AB - Treadmill experiments suggest that left-dominant arm swing is common in healthy walking adults and is modulated by cognitive dual-tasking. Little is known about arm swing asymmetry in overground walking. We report directional (dASI) and non-directional arm swing symmetry indices (ndASI) from 334 adults (mean age 68.6 ± 5.9 y) walking overground at comfortable (NW) and fast (FW) speeds and while completing a serial subtraction task (DT). dASI and ndASI were calculated from sagittal shoulder range of motion data generated by inertial measurement units affixed to the wrist. Most (91%) participants were right-handed. Group mean arm swing amplitude was significantly larger on the left in all walking conditions. During NW, ndASI was 39.5 ± 21.8, with a dASI of 21.9 ± 39.5. Distribution of dASI was bimodal with an approximately 2:1 ratio of left:right-dominant arm swing. There were no differences in ndASI between conditions but dASI was smaller during DT compared to FW (15.2 vs 24.6; p = 0.009). Handedness was unrelated to ndASI, dASI or the change in ASI metrics under DT. Left-dominant arm swing is the norm in healthy human walking irrespective of walking condition or handedness. As disease markers, ndASI and dASI may have different and complementary roles.

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DO - 10.1038/s41598-018-31151-9

M3 - Journal articles

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SP - 12803

JO - Scientific Reports

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IS - 1

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Arm swing asymmetry in overground walking

Abstract

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