@article{c90ed11d850245a794b3edd81a47b13a,
title = "Role of alanine racemase mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis D-cycloserine resistance",
abstract = "A screening of more than 1,500 drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis revealed evolutionary patterns characteristic of positive selection for three alanine racemase (Alr) mutations. We investigated these mutations using molecular modeling, in vitro MIC testing, as well as direct measurements of enzymatic activity, which demonstrated that these mutations likely confer resistance to D-cycloserine.",
author = "Yoshio Nakatani and Opel-Reading, {Helen K.} and Matthias Merker and Diana Machado and S{\"o}nke Andres and Kumar, {S. Siva} and Danesh Moradigaravand and Francesc Coll and Jo{\~a}o Perdig{\~a}o and Isabel Portugal and Thomas Sch{\"o}n and Dina Nair and Devi, {K. R.Uma} and Kohl, {Thomas A.} and Patrick Beckert and Clark, {Taane G.} and Gugu Maphalala and Derrick Khumalo and Roland Diel and Kadri Klaos and Aung, {Htin Lin} and Cook, {Gregory M.} and Julian Parkhill and Peacock, {Sharon J.} and Soumya Swaminathan and Miguel Viveiros and Stefan Niemann and Krause, {Kurt L.} and K{\"o}ser, {Claudio U.}",
note = "Funding Information: This work was funded by the University of Otago, Health Research Council Explorer grant and Maurice Wilkins Centre. In addition, parts of this study were supported by the European Union PathoNgenTrace project (grant FP7-278864-2) and the German Center for Infection Research (DZIF). Further funds were received from Funda{\c c}{\~a}o para a Ci{\^e}ncia e a Tecnologia, Portugal, through the grants UID/Multi/04413/2013 (to M.V. and D.M.), SFRH/BPD/100688/2014 (to D.M.), and SFRH/BPD/95406/2013 (to J.P.). F.C. was supported by the Wellcome Trust 201344/Z/16/Z. T.G.C. was funded by the Medical Research Council UK (grants MR/K000551/1, MR/M01360X/1, and MR/N010469/1). Fur- Funding Information: ther support was received the Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi and Health Innovation Challenge Fund (grants HICF-T5-342 and WT098600), a parallel funding partnership between the UK Department of Health and the Wellcome Trust. C.U.K. is a research associate at Wolfson College, Cambridge, UK. Funding Information: K.L.K., Y.N., and H.K.O.-R. have received funding for alanine racemase-related projects from L2 Diagnostics LLC, New Haven, CT. J.P., S.J.P., and C.U.K. have collaborated with Illumina, Inc. on a number of scientific projects. J.P. has received funding for travel and accommodation from Pacific Biosciences, Inc. and Illumina, Inc. S.J.P. has received funding for travel and accommodation from Illumina, Inc. C.U.K. is a consultant for the Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics. The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and Janssen Pharmaceutica covered C.U.K.{\textquoteright}s travel and accommodation to present at meetings. The European Society of Mycobacteriology awarded C.U.K. and M.M. the Gertrud Meissner Award, which is sponsored by Hain Lifescience. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 Nakatani et al. Copyright: Copyright 2017 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",
year = "2017",
month = dec,
doi = "10.1128/AAC.01575-17",
language = "English",
volume = "61",
journal = "Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy",
issn = "0066-4804",
number = "12",
}
