ANASTHESIE BEI MINIMAL-INVASIVEN EINGRIFFEN. PATHOPHYSIOLOGISCHE VERANDERUNGEN UND KOMPLIKATIONEN ALS FOLGE DES PNEUMOPERITONEUMS DURCH CO₂-INSUFFLATION

Whenever possible, intra-abdominal interventions are now increasingly being performed using the laparoscopic technique. A prerequisite for this is, however, the creation of a pneumoperitoneum by insufflating carbon dioxide. This results in physiological changes that need to be taken into account for the management of anaesthesia. Changes in the mechanics of respiration and haemodynamics and hypercapnia regularly occur, and need to be included in assessments of the patient's risk profile, and treated accordingly. The possibility of complications arising as a result of the uptake into the vascular system or neighbouring body cavities such as the pleural cavity and the mediastinum, of carbon dioxide under pressure, although a rare event, must be kept in mind.